Friday, May 31, 2013

UN expert urges moratorium on 'killer robots'

GENEVA (AP) ? Nations should agree to a moratorium on developing robots for war that can function autonomously before it is too late to stop their use, a U.N. human rights expert warned Thursday.

U.N. special rapporteur Christof Heyns urged a temporary freeze on producing or using so-called killer robots, saying it would give nations time to think through the implications of creating them while "the genie is still in the bottle" technologically.

Programming machines to kill without humans making decisions could encourage more wars and make it more difficult to hold anyone accountable for war crimes, he told reporters in Geneva.

"Time is of the essence," he said of the need to decide now on how to use the robots, before they become a practical reality. "Trying to stop technology is a bit like trying to stop time itself ? it moves on."

Heyns said the technology is quickly emerging and nearly available now that could lend machines the power to autonomously kill humans after "the turn of a switch," but lack the ability to make fine distinctions according to international humanitarian law. "We are pretty close," he said.

In a report to the U.N. Human Rights Council, Heyns urged nations "to declare and implement national moratoria on the production, assembly, transfer, acquisition, deployment and use" of the robots to give time to develop a global framework for their use.

Another big danger of developing these kinds of robots, he said, is that it will make it easier for nations to go to war because of the increasing detachment between people and the decision to kill.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/un-expert-urges-moratorium-killer-robots-151500137.html

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Paterno family, others at PSU sue NCAA

BELLEFONTE, Pa. (AP) ? The NCAA is facing a new legal attack after the family of the late coach Joe Paterno was joined by former players and others connected to Penn State in a lawsuit seeking to overturn the landmark sanctions for the Jerry Sandusky child sex abuse scandal.

Long rumored to be under development, the 40-page lawsuit filed Thursday tries to show that the NCAA and its top leadership overstepped the organization's own rules in levying penalties against the football program with uncharacteristic speed, representatives for the Paterno family have said. They hoped it would raise new questions about the university's internal investigation led by former FBI director Louis Freeh, along with how and why the NCAA used Freeh's report as a basis for its sanctions in July.

A statement late Wednesday night from Paterno family attorney Wick Sollers said the case would be "further proof that the NCAA has lost sense of its mission" after college sports' governing body relied on Freeh's explosive report. Freeh asserted last July that Paterno and three school officials concealed allegations against Sandusky, a retired defensive coordinator; the NCAA announced its sanctions less than two weeks later.

"If there was ever a situation that demanded meticulous review and a careful adherence to NCAA rules and guidelines, this was it," Sollers said in the statement. "Instead, the NCAA placed a premium on speed over accuracy and precipitous action over due process."

It suit is the latest filing in a tangled web of litigation related to the sanctions. Most prominently, Pennsylvania Gov. Tom Corbett has filed a federal antitrust lawsuit against the NCAA, which also has faced criticism for a botched investigation of Miami and departures in the enforcement division.

On Wednesday, Sollers and other family representatives spoke with Bob Costas on his NBC Sports Network show, along with other media, in previewing the latest lawsuit.

The NCAA said Wednesday it had not received any such lawsuit and could not comment.

"Despite our request, the Paterno family has not shared any information about its planned legal action," chief legal officer Donald Remy said in a statement. "We remain committed to working with Penn State toward the continued successful completion of our voluntary agreement with the university and to working" with the NCAA's independent monitor, former U.S. Sen. George Mitchell.

Penn State spokesman Dave La Torre said the school was not a party to any litigation that might be filed by the family and remained committed to "full compliance" with the sanctions.

"We look forward to continuing to work with Sen. George Mitchell and recognize the important role that intercollegiate athletics provides for our student athletes and the wider university community," the statement from La Torre said.

NCAA president Mark Emmert and Oregon State President Edward Ray, who was chair of the NCAA's executive committee, "acted in clear and direct violation of the organization's own rules based on a flawed report" by Freeh, said the statement from family representatives.

Sollers said Freeh is not named as a defendant, but is listed as a "co-conspirator" in the lawsuit. He says that there were close communications between the NCAA and Freeh's team throughout the investigation.

The Associated Press left messages Wednesday for a spokesman for Freeh.

Paterno's son, Jay Paterno, and Bill Kenney were two former Paterno assistants taking part in the action against the NCAA, the statement said. Also joining in the suit were five trustees, including vocal critic Anthony Lubrano and former player Adam Taliaferro; four faculty members; and other nine ex-Penn State players, including Seahawks fullback Michael Robinson, according to the statement.

Dick Thornburgh, a former U.S. attorney general and Pennsylvania governor, also was interviewed by Costas. Thornburgh was one of the authors of a critique released in February and commissioned by the Paterno family that called Freeh's work a "rush to injustice."

Freeh accused Paterno and three former university officials of covering up allegations against Sandusky, who was sentenced to at least 30 years in prison after being convicted last year of dozens of criminal counts of abuse including assaults on and off campus.

Paterno died in January 2012. His family and the former school officials have vehemently denied they took part in a cover-up.

Sollers said the NCAA bypassed its typical lengthy investigative process and relied on Freeh's report, then bullied Penn State behind the scenes into agreeing to the sanctions.

The university board as a whole entity has never formally discussed, nor has it voted on Freeh's report, though its members have embraced many of Freeh's recommendations to improve university governance and procedures.

The penalties against Penn State included a $60 million fine. The NCAA also vacated 111 wins from Paterno's record, meaning he would no longer hold the title of major college football's winningest coach.

The lawsuit lodges six counts against the NCAA, Emmert and Ray, including breach of contract, civil conspiracy, defamation and commercial disparagement, according to Sollers' statement.

Sollers has said the suit would ask for the sanctions and agreement between school and the NCAA to be deemed unlawful and the penalties overturned.

The lawsuit also would ask for unspecified damages and court costs, Sollers said, though the family would donate any net proceeds to charity.

"The broader goal is to get the truth out," Sollers told The Associated Press in an interview Wednesday. "This narrative that's in public that was perpetuated by the NCAA's adoption of the deeply flawed Freeh report ... cannot stand."

The family planned to post the complaint on www.paterno.com after it was filed.

___

Online:

Freeh report: http://progress.psu.edu/the-freeh-report

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/paterno-family-others-psu-sue-ncaa-163239725.html

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Thursday, May 30, 2013

Sell! Sell! Sell! The iPhone and iPad apps you need to win at real estate!

Sell! Sell! Sell! The iPhone and iPad apps you need to win at real estate!

The apps every realtor and broker needs to market better, sell faster, and keep clients happier!

If you're a realtor or a broker, your iPhone and iPad can be invaluable tools that can not only help keep you organized, but help you do your job better. Everything from apps that help you market yourself to productivity apps that make client management and communication easier than ever are available in the App Store.

Here are the ones we think are the best choices for active real estate agents and brokers.

Dropbox

Dropbox is a useful tool for pretty much every profession and real estate is absolutely no exception. More people use it than you think which means getting files and documents to clients just became simpler. Whether you choose to utilize Dropbox just for storing files for access from any device or want to create shared folders with clients, it's a must have.

Not only do you have immediate access to your files from anywhere on your iPhone and iPad, Dropbox has Mac and Windows clients to keep your desktop and laptop computers in sync. And for the times you're away from home or don't have access to your iPhone or iPad, logging into the Dropbox website gives you access to your files wherever else you may need them from.

Dropbox gives you 2GB of space for free or you can purchase more on a monthly or yearly basis for a pretty small fee.

Scanner Pro

One thing realtors and brokers do quite often is scan documents with signatures. This is where an app like Scanner Pro is dead useful. Simply take photos of the pages on your phone in order to create a document. It's great for when you aren't near a scanner or computer and need to get something to a client right away.

Not only does it make work that used to only be possible inside the office manageable from the outside, your clients will be impressed when they receive documents you promised in only a matter of minutes. Scanner Pro is a great place to keep copies of common documents such as purchase agreements, inspection reports, and more. From here, they're ready to be sent off the minute you need them. Clients also tend to like an option outside of having a home scanner. They may not have those laying around anymore but the odds of them having an iPhone is much higher.

eKey

Every realtor is familiar with lockboxes and uses them on a regular basis to unlock and show houses or to put one on their own listings. Regardless where you are, you can't avoid lockboxes and the issues they can bring with them at times. Updating keys before you leave the office or your home can be irritating. What if you didn't have to remember those steps anymore?

Supra actually offers an eKey that comes as an attachment that plugs into your charge port equipped with an IR sensor. Simply download the free eKey app to your iPhone and log in with your agent ID. You'll need to purchase the equipment and attachments from Supra before using the eKey app. Most realtor associations have them for you to walk in and buy as well. Once you're all set up, just log in with your agent ID and you're ready to go. Anywhere you have service, you'll have the ability to unlock homes to show your clients at a moment's notice.

For more information on Supra and the attachments available, you can visit the Supra eKey website.

Fantastical

While the default Calendar app for iPhone and iPad does what it needs to, entering appointments and showings can still be a daunting task. The thing about Fantastical is that is supports natural language input. Realtors spend a lot of time on the phone and need to enter appointments, showings, and closings into their calendars quickly. Fantastical can do just that. Instead of having to fill out all the nitty gritty details line by line, just tell Fantastical by voice or by typing what you want. For example, just say "Showing with Bob at noon tomorrow." and Fantastical will do the rest for you.

If you have separate calendars set up, you can even take it one step further and tell Fantastical something like "Showing with Bob at noon tomorrow. Calendar Century 21." It'll automatically put events where they should be.

Already use the default Calendar app? No worries. Fantastical shares them same core files so anything you place in the default calendar with appear in Fantastical automatically and vice versa. There's literally no setup required.

Trulia

Trulia is just as good of a resource for realtors as it is for buyers and sellers. When on appointments with clients, logging into an MLS and having to search for other properties they may inquire about can be time consuming. While the MLS contains more information, Trulia gives a nice overview of properties and is map based which makes it easy to pinpoint and target the properties someone is asking about.

While it isn't as detailed as the MLS, it does provide good information in a quicker manner. It's also a good place to advertise in your area. Lots of folks out there are browsing for homes on their iPhones and iPads nowadays and there's no better way to gain clients than your credentials showing up on the homes they're looking at.

Note: We are aware there is a Trulia app specifically for agents but did not receive good feedback on it, and according to agents we spoke with, the general Trulia app is what they use for quick reference and to market themselves.

1Password

Any realtor knows that are are tons of passwords that come with the job. MLS logins, zip form passwords, and so many more. Forgetting a password is a headache and can set you back or worse, cause an inconvenience for your clients when you can't access information they want to know. We all know that it is never a good idea to have the same password for multiple accounts.

This is where 1Password comes in handy. It can remember all your passwords and logins as well as generate strong passwords for you. Every type of account you can think of is supported with the ability to create any custom ones you'd like. You can also use 1Password to generate strong passwords when you can't think of one. 1Password has support for not only iOS but Mac and PC as well.

Trip Cubby

One thing realtors do more than anything is drive. Whether it's to showings, closings, open houses, or any other place you need to go, gas mileage is tax deductible for self employed realtors. That's why it's especially important to keep track of how many miles you're driving and to where. Trip Cubby is a fantastic way to do just that. Along with tracking general mileage, you can also make notes as to what you're traveling for and why you're logging it.

Trip Cubby isn't iPhone 5 compatible yet, it's still the best option we've found for tracking mileage when it comes to features and options.

Special thanks to @HeatherMelnyk of Century 21 Middleton for helping with this roundup!

Your favorite apps for realtors and brokers?

These are the apps that we think Let us know what apps keep you on task and help you meet client's needs better than you could without.

    


Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TheIphoneBlog/~3/evHqNHFhA04/story01.htm

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Drone strike comes despite transparency pledge

(AP) ? The drone attack that killed a Pakistan Taliban deputy leader this week was a clear signal that despite President Barack Obama's promise last week of new transparency in the drone program, the CIA will still launch secret attacks on militants in north Pakistan and the administration will not have to tell anyone about it.

The CIA drone took off from Afghanistan on Wednesday and struck a compound in Pakistan's remote tribal areas where the agency believed Waliur Rehman was staying. The Pakistani Taliban later confirmed the death of Rehman, believed to be one of the key planners behind the deadly suicide bombing against a CIA base in 2009.

But White House officials would not even confirm that the strike occurred, although the president pledged in a national security speech that he would be more transparent about U.S. counterterrorism actions.

White House spokesman Josh Earnest on Thursday would not confirm the strike, or the death of Rehman, and would only say broadly that Obama feels a responsibility to protect U.S. forces in the "Afghan war theater" ? it includes Pakistan ? and would use a "range of abilities" to provide those forces as much protection as possible.

Obama announced new "presidential policy guidelines" last week on the standards his administration has been using when deciding to launch lethal strikes, including a guideline to strike a target only if it presents an "imminent threat" to U.S. national security and only if the target cannot be captured. He also stated his preference for using the military, not the CIA, to carry out such strikes.

But he also said that the CIA would continue to control and run its secret drone program in Pakistan. It operates without permission from the Pakistani government, although the newly elected administration of Nawaz Sharif has demanded an end to the program that has killed more than 3,000 people since 2004.

The program has also eliminated dozens of key militants, including al-Qaida's second-in-command, Abu Yahya al-Libi, last year.

Obama's speech promising more transparency is not necessarily at odds with this week's covert strike, according to Shamila Chaudhary, a former National Security Council staffer who worked on Pakistan.

"He's codifying it, trying to set down in legal language" the counterterrorism program built during Obama's first term, said Chaudhary, now at the New America Foundation

"But Pakistan is still an exception," she said. The fact that the American drone took out one of Pakistan's enemies also probably helped mute Islamabad's reaction, she added.

U.S. officials briefed on the drone program say the administration's intent in the speech was to take the heat off the controversial drone strikes by promising future action would be done by the military when possible. The suggestion was that military strikes are more subject to publicly accessible congressional oversight. In fact, Congress is briefed on drone strikes by both the military and CIA but in closed, classified hearings.

But U.S. officials say they will continue to carry out drone strikes, launched from bases in neighboring Afghanistan or anywhere else al-Qaida and its affiliates operate and local governments can't or won't act. The officials spoke on condition of anonymity because they are not authorized to discuss the classified program publicly.

Guidelines for lethal force issued by the White House after the speech would seem to fit the Rehman case, stating that lethal action would only be taken against "a target that poses a continuing, imminent threat to U.S. persons," where there is "near certainty that non-combatants will not be injured or killed."

White House spokesman Jay Carney on Wednesday said Rehman was responsible for cross-border attacks in Afghanistan against NATO troops and as well as deadly attacks against Pakistani troops and civilians. Rehman was also thought to be a key player in the 2009 suicide attack on a U.S. base in Afghanistan that killed seven Americans working for the CIA. Pakistani officials said the other three killed in the drone strike also were militants.

The White House guidelines also state that lethal strikes would only be taken after "an assessment that the relevant governmental authorities in the country where action is contemplated cannot or will not effectively address the threat to U.S. persons." Sharif had indicated willingness to open peace talks with Rehman, which could have meant the man who helped carry out one of the deadliest attacks on the CIA would get away with it.

The drone strike also highlights the closing window of opportunity for the CIA to target high-level Taliban and al-Qaida-related militants while the agency still has tens of thousands of U.S. and NATO troops to protect its dozen-plus major bases around neighboring Afghanistan.

U.S. intelligence and military officers are also drawing down, and will be relying more on Afghan agencies and intelligence agents. That complicates the mission Obama says will not end with U.S. troop withdrawal: hunting the al-Qaida remnants responsible for the attacks of Sept. 11, 2001, on New York and Washington, and keeping them from launching new attacks.

"They're still trying to come back," said a senior coalition intelligence officer in an interview Wednesday from Afghanistan, describing the remote stronghold of al-Qaida in the Afghan provinces of Kunar and Nuristan, just across the Pakistan border. He said al-Qaida continues to support both Pakistan and Afghan branches of the Taliban with financial backing, and training in bomb-building and military tactics. The official spoke on condition of anonymity because he was not authorized to be identified.

___

Associated Press writer Josh Lederman contributed to this report. AP writer Rebecca Santana contributed from Islamabad, Pakistan.

Follow Dozier on Twitter at http://twitter.com/kimberlydozier .

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/89ae8247abe8493fae24405546e9a1aa/Article_2013-05-30-Drones%20Policy/id-fa36952a0f7945f6bd8fb154f7286d9b

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Wednesday, May 29, 2013

Blockbuster 2.0 for iOS arrives, manages the disc rentals we no longer use

Blockbuster 20 for iOS manages all but the streaming you really want

Blockbuster started the month by launching an On Demand app for iOS and embracing the streaming video era. For the end of the month, it's going retro: following a quiet App Store launch earlier in May, the company has formally announced a free Blockbuster 2.0 iOS app that covers everything but streaming. The release is built almost exclusively for traditionalists, letting them manage their Blockbuster By Mail rental queues, scan membership cards and check the stock at those stores that remain open. About the only concessions to modernity are the built-in movie trailers. While the app does give some needed love to disc-based viewers, it's an acute reminder that much of Blockbuster's original audience has moved on.

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Source: App Store

Source: http://www.engadget.com/2013/05/28/blockbuster-2-for-ios-arrives/?utm_medium=feed&utm_source=Feed_Classic&utm_campaign=Engadget

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The Best VoIP and SIP apps for Android!

best voip sip appsThere are a lot of people who use VoIP's and SIP's as alternatives to a carrier's offering. A lot of time you'll find that the rates are cheaper, and sometimes even free of charge. That said, we went into the depths of the Play Store in search for some of the best VoIP and SIP apps available, and now we're back to share the results of that with you! As usual, if you'd prefer the video, just head to the bottom of the article.


Kakao Talk

KakaoTalk

Considering its popularity, you may have heard of Kakao Talk before. This VoIP app allows you to make calls and send text messages over a network free of charge. As per the norm, you're going to need to sign up for an account to use the service, which means your friends will have to do the same.

Making calls and sending text messages isn't the only thing Kakao Talk can do. You can change themes, play games, see notices, and even check out the item store. Most of these features costs money, which isn't much of a problem. After all, the app has to support itself in some way! Besides, who doesn't like a little customization?

Aside from that, the interface is very user friendly, and no one should have any woes when navigating around the app.

Get it on Google Play


Tango

Tango

You might be surprised by Tango. It's main focus isn't actually VoIP or SIP, as it markets itself as a social network. Regardless, you can still make free calls and texts. It also has support for picture and video messages, which makes it stand out from the rest of these apps. You can expect Tango to have the utmost quality as well. It's won a number of awards, and the app itself boasts of having ?great quality? over 3G, 4G, and Wi-Fi connections.

Like the majority of the apps on this list, Tango is very easy to use. Account creation is simple and navigating around the app feels very natural. Unfortunately you can only communicate with people who have a Tango account, so convincing your friends to get on board might be difficult.

Get it on Google Play


Viber

Viber

Viber is yet another VoIP that allows for free calling over a network. Free calling isn't all it can do though. You can also send messages, stickers, emoticons, and other in-app features. Like the previous apps on this list, your friends are going to need a Viber account for calls and messages to even work.

It's also very easy to navigate around Viber and is just generally easy to use. The only negative to this app is that you need to set up your account before using SMS. It'll be a tad annoying if you don't have text messaging set up on your device, as you'll have to find another way to active Viber.

Aside from that, Viber is a very exceptional app that has been met with a lot of reception in the Play Store. At the very least, it's worth a shot.

Get it on Google Play


VoX?

VoX

VoX is one of the more simple solutions for your VoIP and SIP needs. It's quite a simple app too. You can make calls from your VoX account, which you have to pay for. VoX keeps an extensive rate list for a variety of countries.

Besides that, you have the dialer as the main interface, and the menu button can be used to navigate around the rest of the app. In addition to making calls, there's SMS support. Of course, by sending SMS messages minutes will be deducted from your account, which means less calling time.

Given the app's simplicity, it takes a minute to get used to. All in all, it's a pretty nice app with limited functionality.

Get it on Google Play


WiCall

WiCall

Last up on our list is WiCall. Similar to VoX, this app is a dialer interface. Unfortunately it can't send text messages, which means this app is strictly for calling. Like VoX, WiCall is a paid service, so you're going to need to add money to your account to make phone calls. That balance is deducted when you make calls.

WiCall is very lacking in features, which means it's quite simple and easy to learn. All you're going to have to figure out is how to add money to your account. After that, you can simply use the dialer to call people with your WiCall number.

Get it on Google Play


Conclusion

voip sip leaderboard

If you take a look at our leaderboard (image above) you can see how these apps compete with each other. As usual, we don't rank these apps ourselves, as this is how you, the people, rated the apps on the Google Play Store. So there's no bias on our part.

When you get to the core of it all, finding a VoIP or SIP app is all about what you're looking to get out of it.?That said, we may have missed some really good VoIP and SIP apps out there, which means we have a few honorary mentions. These include GrooVeIP, Google Voice, Skype, and MobileVoIP.

If you have a favorite, be sure to let everyone know about it in the comments below!

Source: http://androidauthority.com.feedsportal.com/c/35289/f/657747/s/2c86f3da/l/0L0Sandroidauthority0N0Cbest0Evoip0Esip0Eapps0Efor0Eandroid0E216960A0C/story01.htm

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Rare species perform unique roles, even in diverse ecosystems

May 28, 2013 ? A new study, published 28 May in the open access journal PLOS Biology, has revealed the potential importance of rare species in the functioning of highly diverse ecosystems. Using data from three very different ecosystems -- coral reefs, tropical forests and alpine meadows -- a team of researchers led by David Mouillot at the University of Montpellier 2, France, has shown that it is primarily the rare species, rather than the more common ones, that have distinct traits involved in unique ecological functions. As biodiversity declines, these unique features are therefore particularly vulnerable to extinction because rare species are likely to disappear first.

"These unique features are irreplaceable, as they could be important for the functioning of ecosystems if there is major environmental change," explained Dr Mouillot.

Biodiverse environments are characterized by a large number of rare species. These rare species contribute to the taxonomic richness of the area, but their functional importance in ecosystems is largely unknown. Represented by few individuals or distributed over narrow geographic areas, rare species are generally considered to have little influence on the functioning of an ecosystem compared with more common species. Indeed, it is often assumed that they fulfill the same ecological roles as those of common species but have less impact because of their low abundance; a phenomenon known as 'functional redundancy'. This redundancy suggests that rare species merely serve as an "insurance" policy for the ecosystem, in the event of an ecological loss.

To test this, the team of researchers analyzed the extent to which rarer species in the three different ecosystems performed the same ecological functions as the most common ones. They examined biological and biogeographical information from 846 reef fish, 2979 alpine plants and 662 tropical trees and found that most of the unique and vulnerable functions, carried out via a combination of traits, were associated with rare species.

Examples of such species supporting vulnerable functions include the giant moray (Gymnothorax javanicus), a predatory fish that hunts at night in the labyrinths of coral reefs; the pyramidal saxifrage (Saxifraga cotyledon), an alpine plant that is an important resource for pollinators; and Pouteria maxima, a huge tree in the rainforest of Guyana, which is particularly resilient to fire and drought. Not only are they rare but they have few functional equivalents among the more common species in their respective ecosystems.

"Our results suggest that the loss of these species could heavily impact upon the functioning of their ecosystems," said Dr Mouillot. "This calls into question many current conservation strategies."

The work emphasizes the importance of the conservation of rare species, even in diverse ecosystems. Rare species are more vulnerable and serve irreplaceable functions, explained Dr Mouillot: the preservation of biodiversity as a whole -- not just the most common species, but all those who perform vulnerable functions -- appears to be crucial for the resilience of ecosystems.

"Rare species are not just an ecological insurance," he said. "They perform additional ecological functions that could be important during rapid transitions experienced by ecosystems. The vulnerability of these functions, in particular biodiversity loss caused by climate change, highlights the underestimated role of rare species in the functioning and resilience of ecosystems. Our results call for new experiments to explicitly test the influence of species rarity and the uniqueness of combinations of traits on ecological processes." This line of research will also inform the lively debate about the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/most_popular/~3/m8QpDlQZlPw/130528181028.htm

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New insights into protein disposal

May 28, 2013 ? Cells have a sophisticated system to control and dispose of defective, superfluous proteins and thus to prevent damage to the body. Dr. Katrin Bagola and Professor Thomas Sommer of the Max Delbr?ck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Berlin-Buch as well as Professor Michael Glickman and Professor Aaron Ciechanover of Technion, the Technical University of Israel in Haifa, have now discovered a new function of an enzyme that is involved in this vital process. Using yeast cells as a model organism, the researchers showed that a specific factor, abbreviated Cue1, is not only a receptor and activator for a component of the degradation apparatus, but also contributes to ensuring that the defective protein is marked with a molecular tag for degradation.

Proteins are molecular machines in the cells of an organism. Different types of proteins perform many different functions: They transport materials to their destination, ward off pathogens, enable chemical reactions in the cell and much more. Many proteins are produced in a cell organelle, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), are then folded and subsequently transported to their destination.

Some proteins are only required for a specific, time-limited purpose and must be degraded once their purpose has been served. But errors also frequently occur during production and folding. These defective proteins are not functional and can even harm the organism. Therefore they, too, must be degraded.

The cells therefore have a sophisticated system to dispose of defective, superfluous proteins. In the ER there is a special process for protein degradation, known as ER-associated degradation (ERAD). This system contains a number of enzymes that cooperate to ensure that a defective protein is marked with a molecular tag, the molecule ubiquitin. This process is called ubiquitylation. A chain of four to six molecules serves as degradation signal. A protein tagged with such a molecular chain is transported to the proteasome, the protein-cleaving machinery of the cell, where it is separated into its components.

This ubiquitin-proteasome system is found in all eukaryotic cells; it is ubiquitous. It is one of the most complex cellular systems and protects the body from severe diseases. Defective proteins that escape this system trigger serious diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's disease, cystic fibrosis or diabetes. The scientist who discovered this protective program is Professor Ciechanover. He received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2004 for this achievement together with Professor Avram Hershko (Technion) and Professor Irwin Rose (University of California, Irvine, USA).

Several enzymes must work in concert to facilitate the attachment of a ubiquitin chain to a defective protein. Some of these enzymes are anchored in the membrane of the ER, others such as the enzyme Ubc7 swim freely inside the cell. A factor called CUE1, which itself is bound to the membrane, is responsible for recruiting Ubc7 and escorting it to the enzymes at the membrane. To achieve this, it has a domain which binds specifically to Ubc7. Another domain of the factor is the so-called CUE domain. Dr. Bagola and Professor Sommer have studied its function in yeast cells together with their colleagues Professor Glickman and Professor Ciechanover.

Fateful connection

The CUE domain is a ubiquitin-binding domain (UBD). UBDs bind to specific ubiquitin patterns. For example, they can recognize whether one or more ubiquitin molecules have been attached to a protein and how the respective ubiquitin molecules are linked together in chains. The ubiquitin pattern determines which ubiquitin domain binds to which protein and thus determines the subsequent fate of the protein.

Direct impact on molecular chain formation -- Signal for protein degradation

The MDC and Technion researchers, who have collaborated closely for many years, showed that the CUE domain of the factor Cue1 binds to ubiquitin chains that are linked together via a specific building block of the individual ubiquitin molecules. These chains subsequently serve as a degradation signal for proteins. In addition, the researchers found that the CUE domain also has a direct impact on the length of the ubiquitin chains: If the CUE domain was lacking or limited in its function due to a mutation, the ubiquitin chains developed more slowly and were shorter in length. Apparently, the CUE domain stabilizes the ubiquitin chains, allowing additional ubiquitin molecules to be attached more easily.

In yeast cells, the researchers found that the CUE domain of Cue1 in this way actually affects how effectively the ERAD system can degrade proteins. The researchers suspect that the CUE domain is used specifically for the disposal of proteins which are bound to the ER membrane. However, they seem to have no influence on the degradation of soluble proteins. "Our results show that a ubiquitin-binding domain can also regulate the formation of ubiquitin chains," the researchers said. "This function was previously unknown until now."

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_environment/~3/jxVwmj3lnuA/130528105940.htm

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Tuesday, May 28, 2013

South Korea halts more nuclear reactors over fake certificates

SEOUL (Reuters) - South Korea is suspending the operations of two nuclear power reactors and extending a shutdown of a third for maintenance to replace cables that were supplied using fake certificates, the country's nuclear regulator said on Tuesday.

The country previously halted the operations of some of its 23 reactors last November after a scandal emerged over parts being supplied using fake documents.

Asia's fourth-largest economy is heavily dependent on oil, gas and coal imports, but usually gets about a third of its electricity from nuclear power generation.

The nuclear problems could increase the risk of power shortages in the hot Korean summer when power demand is seasonally high for air conditioning.

The shutdown would take place on Tuesday, according to a spokesman at Korea Hydro and Nuclear Power Co Ltd, which runs nuclear reactors in South Korea and is owned by state-run utility Korea Electric Power Corp.

Of the three reactors, two are in Kori, about 320 km southeast of the capital Seoul, and one is in Wolsong, about 280 km from Seoul, a statement from the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission said. The reactors each have a capacity of 1,000 megawatts.

A fourth newly built nuclear power reactor, also in Wolsong, which is waiting for operational approval, would also have its cable replaced, the statement added.

The energy ministry would hold a news briefing later Tuesday on the issue, according to ministry officials.

Last year, South Korea was forced to take power saving measures in a bid to avoid blackouts after it closed two reactors to replace parts supplied with fake certificates and extended the shutdown of another reactor where microscopic cracks were found.

(Reporting by Meeyoung Cho; Editing by Ed Davies)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/south-korea-halts-more-nuclear-reactors-over-fake-035922426.html

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How Republicans could win back the Senate in 2014 (Washington Post)

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Monday, May 27, 2013

Sunday open thread: Ted Cruz Memorial Day tribute; Freezing to death from global warming; Hillary wins coveted Michael Bolton endorsement? and more (Michellemalkin)

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NASA TESS Observatory Will Hunt For Alien Life On "Super-Earth" Exoplanets

An anonymous reader writes "Kepler may be down, but now NASA has another planet-hunting tool in mind. The space agency is preparing the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) observatory in order to follow in Kepler's footsteps. NASA has been searching for alien planets for several years now. Learning about strange exoplanets such as enormous, hot 'Jupiters' and 'rogue planets' that actually cruise through space without a parent star certainly adds to the body of research concerning our universe. Yet what scientists are really interested in are the Earth-like planets that may hold the potential for life."

Source: http://rss.slashdot.org/~r/Slashdot/slashdotScience/~3/SMj_LXosU_g/story01.htm

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Missouri Health Insurance Exchange Guide - Zane Benefits

Missouri Health Insurance Exchange Guide

This guide provides an overview of the Missouri?Health Insurance Exchange including the history of the Exchange, how the Exchange will operate, and Exchange information for?Missouri?residents and small businesses.

Missouri?Health Insurance Exchange IntroductionMissouri Health Insurance Exchange, MO Health Insurance Exchange

Beginning in 2014, as part of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), health insurance coverage for individuals and small businesses will become available through new state health insurance exchanges (also called?health insurance marketplaces).

Most importantly, the key tax credits (e.g. the small business healthcare tax credits) and tax subsidies (e.g. individual health insurance tax subsidies) will only be available for coverage purchased through a state health insurance exchange.

All states have three options for setting up a state health insurance exchange for 2014:

  1. Build a state-based exchange
  2. Enter into a state-federal partnership exchange
  3. Default to a federally-facilitated exchange

Missouri?will default to a federally-facilitated health insurance exchange.

Missouri?Health Insurance Exchange - History?

Missouri Governor Jay Nixon originally supported the idea of a state-based Exchange, however he did not receive backing from state government, nor from Missouri voters.

The Governor established Missouri?s Health Insurance Exchange Coordinating Council to coordinate the state?s response to the ACA.?In June 2011, the Senate created the Senate Interim Committee on Health Insurance Exchanges to explore Missouri?s options to establish a state-based Exchange. Legislation to create a state-based Exchange was introduced in the 2011 and 2012 sessions, but failed. In November 2012,?Missouri voters approved a ballot measure blocking the Governor from establishing an Exchange by Executive Order.

Therefore, efforts to run a state-based Exchange stalled and Missouri will default to the federally-run Exchange.

Missouri?Health Insurance Exchange - What is It?

The?Missouri?Health Insurance Exchange will be operated through a federally-run health insurance exchange, also referred to as the Health Insurance Marketplace. Starting October 1, 2013,?Missouri?residents will be able to access information about all the plans available through the Exchange, shop for plans, and access individual premium tax credits. The SHOP Exchange will be available to small businesses with 100 or fewer employees. Coverage from the Exchange starts in January 2014.

According to an estimate by healthcare.gov, 799,250 or 16% of Missouri?s non-elderly residents are uninsured, of whom 744,700 (93%) may qualify for either tax credits to purchase coverage in the Marketplace or for Medicaid if Missouri participates in the Medicaid expansion.

More information on the federally-run?Missouri?Health Insurance Exchange can be found here.

Missouri?Health?Insurance Exchange - What Plans will be Available?

All plans offered through the?Missouri?Health Insurance Exchange will meet the ACA definition of a Qualified Health Plan (QHP). The plans will be offered by level of coverage for essential health benefits (EHB), to allow consumers to compare plans on an "apples to apples" basis. The four "metal" levels are: Bronze (plan pays 60%), Silver (plan pays 70%), Gold (plan pays 80%) and Platinum (plan pays 90%). ?

Details on plan carriers and rates will be available by October 1, 2013.

Missouri?Health?Insurance Exchange - Role of Brokers and Navigators

The?Missouri?Health Insurance Exchange will follow federal guidelines for insurance professionals selling policies through the Exchange and for navigators assisting consumers and small businesses.

Insurance professionals will be able to register with the?Missouri?Health Insurance Exchange and receive any commissions directly from the carriers (using their Exchange ID number and NPN).?

The?Missouri?Health Insurance Exchange?navigator?program will assist consumers in making choices about their health care options and accessing their new health care coverage, including access to premium tax credits for some consumers. The federal government will run the navigator program in?Missouri.

Note: This should not be taken as legal or tax advice.

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Source: http://www.zanebenefits.com/blog/bid/294187/Missouri-Health-Insurance-Exchange-Guide

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Year later, Serena Williams seeks more in Paris

PARIS (AP) ? In the moments immediately following her stunningly early exit from the 2012 French Open, as her eyes welled with tears and she bemoaned how she's "been through so much in my life," Serena Williams could not possibly find anything positive to take from the experience.

How could she?

For the first ? and, so far, only ? time in her career, Williams lost her opening match at a Grand Slam tournament. Not merely that, but a woman many considered the favorite to leave with the title lost to a woman ranked 111th and with 20 first-round losses in 46 previous major championships. And, surely adding to her disappointment, Williams lost after having been two points from victory against France's Virginie Razzano.

When the 31-year-old American returns to Court Philippe Chatrier to play Anna Tatishvili on Sunday ? the schedule for Day 1 of the 2013 French Open also features Williams' older sister, 30th-seeded Venus, and 17-time Grand Slam champion Roger Federer ? she will do so with a different understanding of what went wrong 12 months ago, and even a bit of appreciation for the disappointing result.

"Sometimes I think, 'Should I be happy that I lost last year?' You never know what can happen in your career and why things happen," said Williams, who is ranked and seeded No. 1 in singles and got a wild card Saturday to play doubles with her sister. "So it's been great for me just realizing that every match counts."

At that point she paused, perhaps hearing her own words and what they implied.

"I have always realized that," Williams continued, "but also realizing what I need to do to get better and to stay on top and to be, you know, the best tennis player that I can be."

Rare is the professional athlete, no matter the sport, who readily acknowledges taking victory for granted against a supposedly inferior opponent. That, though, is what it sounded like Williams was doing.

There are, to be sure, other explanations for what she has done on the court since that defeat: good health, which her mother, Oracene Price, calls the biggest single contributor to Williams' recent success; working with a new coach, Patrick Mouratoglou, who directed her training session Saturday on Court Suzanne Lenglen; and what Williams sums up as "really just staying relaxed and calm" during matches.

But it certainly can't hurt to take every match seriously, including against players such as Tatishvili, who is 2-10 this year, 0-2 at the French Open for her career and never been ranked better than 50th.

"You just have to always ... be ready to play," Williams said, "and expect anything."

So now she is back at the French Open, which she won in 2002, and is playing as well as, or perhaps even better than, ever. Williams is on a 24-match winning streak, part of a 36-2 record with a tour-leading five titles this season. Since that loss to Razzano, Williams is 67-3, including championships at Wimbledon and the U.S. Open that boosted her career haul to 15 Grand Slam titles.

With three more, Williams would match Hall of Fame members Martina Navratilova and Chris Evert at 18.

Evert thinks Williams will eventually surpass that total, and continue climbing up the list that Margaret Smith Court leads with 24 major championships, followed by Steffi Graf's 22, and Helen Wills Moody's 19.

"It's still a reachable goal for her to win 22 and match Steffi," Evert said. "If she plays another two, three, four years healthy, she can break all those records."

Evert, who will analyze French Open matches on TV for ESPN2, took her assessment of Williams a step further.

"With her serve and her athleticism, her power, her court mobility ? I just think when she's on, she's the greatest player we've ever seen. Ever," Evert said. "Now, whether her record is the greatest remains to be seen, because she hasn't retired yet. But I think she is really the greatest player, (and) I have seen Martina and Steffi at their best."

It's that serve that might very well be Williams' greatest advantage over her contemporaries.

She leads the tour this season in most significant serving categories: 227 aces, nearly 80 more than the next-highest count; 85.4 percent of service games won; 75.7 percent of first-serve points won; 68.4 percent of break points saved.

Williams still seems to bring out her most compelling tennis when across the net from the game's other top women: She is a combined 25-4 for her career against current No. 2 Maria Sharapova, the French Open's defending champion, and No. 3 Victoria Azarenka.

That includes a 6-1, 6-4 victory over Sharapova in Madrid, and a 6-1, 6-3 victory over Azarenka in Rome ? both in finals, both this month, and both on the same red clay used in Paris.

"She's been really consistent, playing on a high level. Because, you know, we all know the level she can play at," Azarenka said. "It wasn't maybe as consistent as it is now, so I think that's maybe the big difference."

Now the question becomes whether Williams can carry that over to Roland Garros, where the tough footing and shot-slowing surface give her far more trouble than the grass or hard courts used at other Grand Slam tournaments. While she's won Wimbledon and the Australian Open five times apiece, and the U.S. Open four times, Williams is stuck on one French Open title.

That's also her only appearance in the final. She hasn't even made it to the semifinals in France since the year after that, a decade ago.

"It's long overdue, her second French Open win," Evert said. "It's mind-boggling to me that she hasn't been in the final since 2002."

___

Follow Howard Fendrich on Twitter at http://twitter.com/HowardFendrich

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/later-serena-williams-seeks-more-paris-160438143.html

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Saturday, May 25, 2013

Jury foreman says life or death decision unfair

PHOENIX (AP) ? They were 12 ordinary citizens who didn't oppose the death penalty. But unlike spectators outside the courthouse who followed the case like a daytime soap opera and jumped to demand Jodi Arias' execution, the jurors faced a decision that was wrenching and real, with implications that could haunt them forever.

In an interview Friday, jury foreman William Zervakos provided a glimpse into the private deliberations, describing four women and eight men who struggled with the question: How heinous of a killing deserves a similar fate?

"The system we think is flawed in that sense because this was not a case of a Jeffrey Dahmer or Charles Manson," Zervakos told The Associated Press.

"It was a brutal no-win situation. ... I think that's kind of unfair," the 69-year-old added. "We're not lawyers. We can't interpret the law. We're mere mortals. And I will tell you I've never felt more mere as a mortal than I felt for the last five months."

Zervakos said the most difficult time of the entire trial was hearing directly from victim Travis Alexander's family as his brother and sister tearfully explained how his killing has shattered their lives.

"There was no sound in that jury room for a long time after that because you hurt so bad for these people," he said. "But that wasn't evidence. That's what made it so hard. ... This wasn't about them. This was a decision whether we're going to tell somebody they were going to be put to death or spend the rest of their life in prison."

Zervakos described a deliberations room full of tears and spinning moral compasses as each juror struggled to come to grips with their own beliefs about what factors ? including Arias' young age at the time of the killing and her lack of criminal history ? should cause them to show mercy and spare her life.

"You've got Travis Alexander's family devastated, that he was killed, that he was brutally killed. You've got Jodi Arias' family sitting in there, both families sitting and seeing these humiliating images and listening to unbelievably lurid private details of their lives, and you've got a woman whose life is over, too," Zervakos said. "I mean, who's winning in this situation? And we were stuck in the middle."

Zervakos declined to discuss his thoughts or those of other jurors on whether Arias should have been sentenced to death or life. But he said he was torn between her two personas: a killer and an average young woman struggling through life.

"You heard (prosecutor Juan) Martinez say she was only 27. ... She's old enough that she should have known better," Zervakos said. "I didn't look at it that way. I'm looking at 27 years of an absolutely normal everyday young woman that was living a life that was perfectly normal. Then something changed the trajectory of her life after meeting Travis Alexander, and it spiraled downhill from there."

The same jury on May 8 convicted Arias of first-degree murder in Alexander's killing, but couldn't reach a decision Thursday after about 13 hours of deliberations on whether she should live or die.

Judge Sherry Stephens was forced to declare a mistrial of the penalty phase and dismissed the panel.

A conference with the judge and attorneys is set for June 20 to determine how both sides want to proceed. In the interim, Stephens set a July 18 retrial date.

The mistrial set the stage for a whole new proceeding to determine whether the 32-year-old former waitress should get a life sentence or the death penalty for murdering Alexander five years ago.

Arias stabbed and slashed him nearly 30 times, slit his throat slit and shot him in the forehead. Prosecutors said she attacked Alexander in a jealous rage after he wanted to end their relationship and planned a trip to Mexico with another woman. Arias contends it was self-defense.

Prosecutors now have the option to take the death penalty off the table and avoid a new penalty phase. The judge would then determine whether to sentence Arias to spend her entire life behind bars, or give her life with the possibility of release after 25 years. Given Arias could not afford her own defense, taxpayers footed the bill for court-appointed attorneys at a cost so far of nearly $1.7 million, a price tag that will only balloon if the case moves forward.

Should the state decide to seek death again, jury selection alone could take months, given the difficulty of seating an impartial panel in a case that has attracted global attention and become daily cable TV and tabloid fodder with tales of sex, lies and violence, said jury consultant Jo-Ellan Dimitrius.

"Will it be impossible? No. Will it be tough? Absolutely," she said.

Dimitrius noted that jury selection in the widely publicized trial of infamous serial killer Richard Ramirez, known as the "Night Stalker," who is on death row in California, took six months as attorneys weeded through more than 2,000 prospective jurors.

If Arias faces a new penalty phase, her murder conviction would stand, leaving the new panel tasked only with sentencing her. However, the proceedings could drag on for several more months as the new jury reviews evidence and witness testimony.

If the second jury cannot reach a unanimous decision, the judge would then sentence Arias to one of the life-in-prison options. The judge cannot sentence Arias to death.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/jury-foreman-says-life-death-decision-unfair-000931802.html

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Housing Market is on the Rebound - RealEstate.com

New Home Sales Rise

The housing industry continued to gather momentum in April. New home sales, an important measure for the industry?s performance, climbed 2.3 percent last month. Home prices also rose to record highs.

New home sales are on the rise along with mortgage rates, signaling a continued recovery process for the housing industryThe news comes at a significant time. Spring is a favorite season for homebuying or shopping. According to the Commerce Department, new home sales jumped to a seasonally adjusted rate of 454,000 units. That?s up 2.3 percent from March and 29 percent compared to a year-ago period.

According to?Reuters, some economists?were expecting an adjusted rate of 425,000 units.

The Commerce Department also reported that the median sales price of a new home skyrocketed 14.9 percent compared to last year. At $271,600, that?s the highest on record. The average new home price was $330,800.

The inventory of new homes in April shot up 3.3 percent to 156,000 units. That?s the highest since October 2011. Given the current inventory levels, it would take 4.1 months to purge the homes that are up for sale in the market. According to industry experts, a six-month supply is normally considered the sign of a healthy market. The tight inventory is triggering a rise in home prices.

Mortgage Rates Climb

Buyers beware. The sweet days of record low mortgage rates may soon be a thing of the past.

For the third week in a row mortgage rates recorded an increase, according to a survey of lenders by mortgage giant Freddie Mac. The average rate on 30-year fixed loans increased to 3.69 percent from 3.51 percent last week.

Rates on the shorter term 15-year loans also climbed from 2.69 percent to 2.77 percent. The short-term loans have been a big hit for homeowners looking to refinance.

Despite the increases, the rates continue to be lucrative for prospective homebuyers and current homeowners. But, not everyone can qualify for these rates. According to the survey, borrowers would have to pay lenders 0.7 percent of the total loan amount to qualify for these rates.

Housing Market Rebound to Continue, Experts Said

Wall Street is brimming with enthusiasm about the housing industry that once caused many shareholders serious anxiety.

Companies such as home improvement retailer Home Depot had a stellar earnings report this quarter. Its performance skyrocketed its stock to a 52-week high. The company?s performance is yet another indication of the housing market?s recovery. And the optimism about the market is contagious.

Lawrence Yun, chief economist at the National Association of Realtors?, said recently that the industry is headed to a ?multiyear housing recovery.?

Yun cited better job numbers, increased interest in investment and vacation homes, declining inventories and more relaxed credit score requirements for loans as reasons for a healthy market. Gone are the days when people were making a beeline for apartments, preferring to rent rather than buy.

According to the NAR, 51 percent of renters are qualified for a home mortgage. That?s up from 24 percent in 2005.

?Just looking at the financial qualifications, this means there are about 8 million more renters with the income necessary to buy a home now than in 2000, but they are choosing not to or are unable to become a homeowner,? Yun says.

Yun said that ?more renters will hit the housing market in the busy summer buying season.

Source: http://www.realestate.com/advice/housing-market-is-on-the-rebound-60623/

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Scientists offer first definitive proof of bacteria-feeding behavior in green algae

May 23, 2013 ? A team of researchers has captured images of green alga consuming bacteria, offering a glimpse at how early organisms dating back more than 1 billion years may have acquired free-living photosynthetic cells. This acquisition is thought to have been a critical first step in the evolution of photosynthetic algae and land plants, which, in turn, contributed to the increase in oxygen levels in Earth's atmosphere and ocean and provided one of the conditions necessary for animal evolution.

In a paper that appears in the June 17 issue of Current Biology and is available online today, researchers identify a mechanism by which a green alga that resembles early ancestors of the group engulfs bacteria, providing conclusive evidence for a process that had been proposed but not definitely shown.

"This behavior had previously been suggested but we had not had clear microscopic evidence until this study," said Eunsoo Kim, assistant curator in the Museum's Division of Invertebrate Zoology and corresponding author on the paper. "These results offer important clues to an evolutionary event that fundamentally changed the trajectory of the evolution of not just photosynthetic algae and land plants, but also animals."

In green algae and land plants, photosynthesis, or the conversion of light into food, is carried out by a specialized cell structure known as a chloroplast. The origin of chloroplast is linked to endosymbiosis, a process in which a single-celled eukaryote -- an organism whose cells contain a nucleus -- captures a free-living photosynthetic cyanobacterium but does not digest it, allowing the photosynthetic cell to eventually evolve into a chloroplast. The specific feeding mechanisms for this process, however, have remained largely unknown until now.

In this study, researchers used transmission electron microscopy and feeding and staining experiments to take conclusive images showing how a basic green alga from the genus Cymbomonas feeds on bacteria. The alga draws bacterial cells into a tubular duct through a mouth-like opening and then transports these food particles into a large, acidic vacuole where digestion takes place. The complexity of this feeding system in photosynthetic modern alga suggests that this bacteria-feeding behavior, and the unique feeding apparatus to support it, descend from colorless ancestors of green algae and land plants and may have played important roles in the evolution of early photosynthetic eukaryotes, the precursors to plants like trees and shrubs that cover Earth today.

Eunsoo Kim joined the Museum in 2012 as curator of the protist collection, which includes algae, protozoa, and fungus-like protists. A native of South Korea, Kim received her Ph.D. in botany from the University of Wisconsin-Madison and conducted postdoctoral research at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia. She works closely with associate curator Susan Perkins and curator Rob DeSalle as part of one of the first natural history museum microbial research programs.

Shinichiro Mauyama, currently a postdoctoral researcher at the Division of Environmental Photobiology at the National Institute for Basic Biology in Okazaki, Japan, is a co-author on this paper. In addition to Kim's laboratory at the Museum, this work was conducted in John Archibald's laboratory at Dalhousie University. Funding was provided by the American Museum of Natural History and Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.

Watch Kim talk about the new finding and see green algae in action in this video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lafL_mmv3EA

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_environment/~3/cvY6kfnUaZI/130523143741.htm

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